Kya aapko kabhi fridge ya washing machine ko chhoone par halka sa current mehsoos hua hai? Ya phir ghar ke mehange appliances baar-baar kharab ho rahe hain? Ye sab earthing fail hone ke lakshan ho sakte hain.
Main Er. Pramod Kumar, apne 10 saal ke electrical experience ke saath aaj aapko simple aur practical tareeke se bataunga ki ghar ki earthing kaise check karein, aur neutral aur earth ke beech voltage kitna hona chahiye.
Is guide mein aap 2 tarike seekhenge:
- Multimeter se earthing check
- Bulb se earthing check (desi tarika)
Chaliye shuru karte hain.
Earthing Kya Hai Aur Ye Kyun Zaroori Hai?
Earthing ek safety system hai jo electrical appliances mein aane wale extra leakage current ko seedha zameen mein bhej deta hai. Jab earthing sahi kaam karti hai, to:
- Electric shock ka risk kam hota hai
- Appliances ki body mein current nahi aata
- PCB aur compressor damage hone se bach jaate hain
- MCB aur RCCB sahi time par trip karte hain
Agar earthing kharab ho jaye, to shock lag sakta hai aur appliance jal sakta hai.
👉 RCCB kaise kaam karta hai aur shock se kaise bachata hai
Earthing Fail Hone Ke Lakshan
Agar aapke ghar mein ye symptoms hain, to turant earthing test karein:
- Fridge ya washing machine ki body mein current
- Metal tap ya geyser chhoone par jhatka
- MCB baar-baar trip hona
- Inverter PCB damage
- Voltage fluctuation issue
👉 Ghar ke liye sahi MCB ka selection kaise karein
Ab dekhte hain ki ghar ki earthing kaise check karein.
1️⃣ Multimeter Se Earthing Check Karne Ka Tarika (Sabse Accurate Method)
Agar aapke paas digital multimeter hai, to ye sabse reliable tarika hai.
Step 1: Multimeter Setup Karein
Multimeter ko AC Voltage mode par set karein (600V ya 750V range).
Step 2: Phase to Neutral Voltage Check Karein
Dusra Neutral mein
Reading 220V se 240V ke beech honi chahiye.
Ye confirm karta hai ki main supply theek hai.
Step 3: Phase to Earth Voltage Check Karein
Dusra Earth (upar wala mota pin)
Reading lagbhag 220–240V honi chahiye.
Agar reading bahut kam aaye, to earthing weak ho sakti hai.
Step 4: Neutral Aur Earth Ke Beech Voltage Kitna Hona Chahiye?
Ye sabse important test hai.
Neutral aur Earth ke beech voltage ideally:
- 0V se 2V = Excellent earthing
- 2V se 5V = Normal
- 5V se zyada = Earthing problem
Agar 5V se zyada reading aaye, to earthing system ko check karna zaroori hai.
Is method ko hi commonly multimeter se earthing check kaha jata hai.
2️⃣ Bulb Se Earthing Check Karne Ka Desi Tarika
Agar multimeter available nahi hai, to aap simple bulb se earthing check kar sakte hain.
Ye method basic indication deta hai, final confirmation ke liye multimeter best hai.
Kya Chahiye?
- 100W bulb
- Holder
- 2 chhoti taar
Step 1:
Bulb full brightness se jalega.
Step 2:
Ab Neutral wali taar hata kar Earth pin mein lagayein.
Result:
- Agar bulb almost utni hi brightness se jal raha hai → earthing likely theek hai.
- Agar bulb dim jal raha hai → earthing weak ho sakti hai.
- Agar bulb nahi jalta → earthing disconnected ho sakti hai.
Yaad rakhein, ye sirf basic test hai. Accurate reading ke liye multimeter use karein.
Ghar Ki Purani Earthing Ko Kaise Sudharein?
Agar test mein earthing fail aaye, to ye steps follow karein:
1️⃣ Earthing Pit Check Karein
Earthing pit mein nami zaroori hoti hai.
- Thoda paani daalein
- Namak add karein (conductivity improve hoti hai)
Agar pit purana hai to rod corrode ho sakti hai.
2️⃣ Neutral Aur Earth Connection Check Karein
Kabhi-kabhi electrician galti se neutral aur earth ko panel mein jod deta hai.
Ye dangerous hai aur shock ka risk badhata hai.
3️⃣ Chemical Earthing Install Karein
Agar normal earthing baar-baar fail ho rahi hai, to chemical earthing best solution hai.
Ismein special compound use hota hai jo lambe samay tak moisture maintain karta hai.
👉 Earthing kitne type ki hoti hai aur ghar ki safety ke liye kaun si best hai.
4️⃣ Sahi Wire Size Ka Dhyan Rakhein
Bahut log ignore kar dete hain ki sahi wire size bhi earthing ke liye important hai.
Agar earth wire ka gauge chhota hoga to fault ke samay current properly ground tak nahi pahunchega.
Isliye:
- Main earthing wire proper thickness ka hona chahiye
- Copper strip ya GI strip properly connect honi chahiye
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. Fridge ki body mein current kyu aata hai?
Jab earthing weak hoti hai aur internal wire body se touch hoti hai, tab fridge mein leakage current aa jata hai.
Q2. Kya bina earthing ke inverter chal sakta hai?
Chal sakta hai, lekin safe nahi hai. PCB damage hone ka risk rehta hai.
Q3. Neutral aur Earth alag kyun hote hain?
Neutral working current carry karta hai, jabki Earth sirf fault condition mein safety ke liye use hota hai.
Q4. Earthing kitne saal mein check karni chahiye?
Kam se kam saal mein ek baar earthing test karna chahiye, khas kar barsaat ke baad.
Final Advice
Bulb se earthing check sirf ek basic idea deta hai.
Electrical safety ko kabhi ignore na karein, kyunki chhoti si laaparwahi bada nuksaan kar sakti hai.
Disclaimer
Bijli ka kaam hamesha risk bhara hota hai. Earthing check karte waqt rubber sole wali chappal pehnein aur geele haath se kabhi bhi switchboard na chhoein. Agar aapko multimeter ya wiring ka proper gyaan nahi hai, to khud experiment na karein aur kisi licensed electrician ki madad lein. Aapki suraksha sabse pehle hai.
